Social studies test Society as a complex dynamic system for grade 10 with answers. The test includes two parts. Multiple choice tasks (10 tasks) and short answer tasks (3 tasks).

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Does not relate to the characteristics of society as a system

1) the presence of many levels, subsystems of elements
2) completeness, linearity of development
3) alternative development
4) the presence of elements of different quality

2. The main subsystems of society include

1) state
2) religion
3) economics
4) class of entrepreneurs

3. A social institution is

1) the totality of all types of transformative activity, as well as its result, including the transformation of the person himself
2) a historically established, stable form of organizing the joint activities of people performing certain functions in society, the main one of which is the satisfaction of social needs
3) a person’s way of relating to the outside world, which consists of transforming and subordinating it to the person’s goals
4) relatively stable connections between social groups, peoples, states and other associations of people arising in different spheres of human activity

4. The main political institution is

1) institution of multi-party system
2) the institution of the judiciary
3) the institution of presidential plenipotentiaries
4) state institution

5. Are the following judgments about the relationship between spheres of public life correct?

A. The relationship between the spheres of public life is characterized by their independence from each other.
B. The relationship between the spheres of public life is characterized by their complex relationships and mutual influence.

1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect

6. Are the following judgments about society as a system true?

A. Society as a system is characterized by self-sufficiency.
B. Society as a system is characterized by self-government.

1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect

7. Are the following judgments about social institutions true?

A. Social institutions make connections between people random and chaotic.
B. Social institutions unite large masses of people to satisfy one or another need.

1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect

8. The institution of parliamentarism arose in the political life of our country. What function of society as a system does this example illustrate?

1) integration
2) adaptation
3) goal achievement
4) sample maintenance

9. The activities of the media are aimed at meeting the needs of people to obtain objective information about the development of society, its achievements and problems. What additional information will allow us to conclude that the media is an institution operating in the spiritual sphere of society?

1) lack of integration into the socio-political structure of society
2) the presence of guarantees from control and regulation by society
3) the presence of institutions supplied with material resources for a certain type of activity
4) lack of a system of legal norms regulating relevant activities

10. In the country of K., the political system of society hinders the development of the economy. This example illustrates

1) cyclicality as the basis of the existence of society
2) the complex structure of the main spheres of social life
3) constant change in social life
4) the relationship between spheres of public life

Short answer questions

1. Write down the word missing in the fragment of the table.

Features of the social system

2. Establish a correspondence between social institutions and their types: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Social institutions

A) army
B) motherhood
B) exchange
D) money
D) party

Types of social institutions

1) economic institutions
2) political institutions
3) the institution of family and marriage

3. Find the key institutions in terms of the organization of society in the list below and write down the numbers under which they are listed.

1) power
2) forensic examination
3) property
4) factory
5) twinning
6) family

Answers to the social studies test Society as a complex dynamic system for grade 10
Multiple Choice Questions
1-2
2-3
3-2
4-4
5-2
6-3
7-2
8-1
9-3
10-4
Short answer questions
1. self-sufficiency
2. 23112
3. 136

People often talk about the abilities of a person, implying his inclination towards a certain type of activity. At the same time, few people think that this concept is scientific and implies the level of development of this quality, as well as the possibility of its improvement. Not everyone knows what levels of development of abilities exist, how to work to improve them and learn to make the most of them. Meanwhile, it is not enough to have any ability; this quality must be constantly developed if you want to truly achieve success in a certain area.

level of development of abilities

According to the scientific definition, ability is an individual and psychological characteristic of a particular person that determines his ability to carry out a specific activity. Innate prerequisites for the emergence of certain abilities are inclinations that, unlike the first ones, are laid in the individual from birth. It should be taken into account that abilities are a dynamic concept, which means their constant formation, development and manifestation in various fields of activity. Levels of ability development depend on many factors that must be taken into account for continuous self-improvement.

According to Rubinstein, their development occurs in a spiral, which means the need to realize the opportunities provided by one level of abilities in order for a further transition to a higher one to occur.

Types of abilities

The level of development of individual abilities is divided into two types:

Reproductive, when a person demonstrates the ability to successfully master various skills, assimilate and apply knowledge, as well as implement activities according to an already proposed model or idea;

Creative, when a person has the ability to create something new and original.

In the course of successful acquisition of knowledge and skills, a person moves from one level of development to another.

In addition, abilities are also divided into general and special, according to Teplov’s theory. General ones include those that are demonstrated in any field of activity, while special ones are manifested in a specific area.

Levels of ability development

The following levels of development of this quality are distinguished:

Ability;

Giftedness;

Genius.

In order for a person’s talent to be formed, it is necessary that there be an organic combination of general and special abilities, and their dynamic development is also necessary.

Giftedness is the second level of ability development

Giftedness implies a combination of various abilities that are developed at a sufficiently high level and provide an individual with the opportunity to successfully master any type of activity. In this case, the possibility of mastery is specifically implied, since a person, among other things, is required to directly master the necessary skills and abilities for the successful implementation of an idea.

Giftedness can be of the following types:

Artistic, implying great achievements in artistic activity;

General - intellectual or academic, when the levels of development of a person’s abilities are manifested in good results in learning, mastering various knowledge in various scientific fields;

Creative, which involves the ability to generate new ideas and demonstrate a penchant for invention;

Social, providing high identification of leadership qualities, as well as the ability to build constructive relationships with people and the possession of organizational skills;

Practical, manifested in the individual’s ability to use his own intelligence to achieve his goals, knowledge of a person’s strengths and weaknesses and the ability to use this knowledge.

In addition, there are types of giftedness in various narrow areas, for example, mathematical giftedness, literary giftedness, etc.

Talent - a high level of development of creative abilities

If a person who has pronounced abilities in a certain field of activity constantly improves them, they say that he has a talent for it. It is worth considering that this quality is also not innate, despite the fact that many are accustomed to thinking so. When we talk about the levels of development of creative abilities, talent is a fairly high indicator of a person’s ability to engage in a certain field of activity. However, we should not forget that these are nothing more than pronounced abilities that must be constantly developed, striving for self-improvement. No natural inclinations will lead to recognition of talent without hard work on oneself. In this case, talent is formed from a certain combination of abilities.

Not a single, even the highest level of development of the ability to do something can be called talent, since to achieve a result it is necessary to have such factors as a flexible mind, strong will, great ability to work and rich imagination.

Genius is the highest level of development of abilities

A person is called a genius if his activities have left a tangible mark on the development of society. Genius is the highest level of development of abilities that only a few possess. This quality is inextricably linked with the originality of the individual. A distinctive quality of genius, in contrast to other levels of development of abilities, is that it, as a rule, shows its own “profile”. Some aspect of a genius personality inevitably dominates, which leads to the vivid manifestation of certain abilities.

Diagnostics of abilities

Identifying abilities is still one of the most difficult tasks in psychology. At different times, many scientists put forward their own methods for studying this quality. However, at present there is no technique that allows one to identify a person’s ability with absolute accuracy, as well as determine its level.

The main problem was that abilities were measured quantitatively, and the level of development of general abilities was derived. However, in fact, they are a qualitative indicator that must be considered in dynamics. Various psychologists have put forward their own methods for measuring this quality. For example, L. S. Vygotsky proposed assessing through the zone of proximal development. This involved dual diagnosis, where the child solved the problem first together with an adult and then independently.

Other methods for diagnosing the level of development of abilities

A person's abilities can manifest themselves at any age. However, the earlier they are identified, the greater the likelihood of their successful development. That is why now in educational institutions, from a very young age, work is required to identify the levels of development of abilities in children. Based on the results of work with schoolchildren, classes are conducted to develop identified aptitudes in a particular area. Such work cannot be limited only to the school; parents should also take an active part in work in this direction.

The methods most widely used for diagnosing abilities, both general and special:

- “Everyer's problem”, designed to assess the focus of thinking, i.e. the extent to which a person can concentrate on the task at hand.

- “Study of memory using the ten-word memorization technique,” ​​aimed at identifying memory processes.

- “Verbal fantasy” - determining the level of development of creative abilities, primarily imagination.

- “Remember and dot the points” - diagnostics of attention span.

- “Compasses” - study of features

- “Anagrams” - definition of combinatorial abilities.

- “Analytical mathematical abilities” - identifying similar inclinations.

- “Abilities” - identifying the success of activities in a particular area.

- “Your creative age”, aimed at diagnosing the correspondence of passport age with psychological age.

- “Your creative potential” - diagnostics of creative capabilities.

The number of techniques and their exact list are determined based on the purposes of the diagnostic examination. At the same time, the end result of the work is not the identification of a person’s ability. Levels of development of abilities must constantly increase, which is why, after diagnosis, work must be carried out to improve certain qualities.

Conditions for increasing the level of development of abilities

One of the most important criteria for increasing this quality is the conditions. Levels of development of abilities must constantly be in dynamics, moving from one stage to another. It is important for parents to provide their child with conditions for the realization of his identified inclinations. However, success depends almost entirely on a person’s performance and focus on results.

The fact that a child initially has certain inclinations does not at all guarantee that they will be transformed into abilities. As an example, we can consider a situation where a good prerequisite for the further development of musical abilities is that a person has fine hearing. But the specific structure of the auditory and central nervous system is only a prerequisite for the possible development of these abilities. A certain structure of the brain does not affect the choice of the future profession of its owner, nor the opportunities that will be provided to him for the development of his inclinations. In addition, thanks to the development of the auditory analyzer, it is possible that abstract-logical abilities will be formed, in addition to musical ones. This is due to the fact that human logic and speech are in close connection with the work of the auditory analyzer.

Thus, if you have identified your levels of development of abilities, diagnosis, development and possible success will depend only on you. In addition to the appropriate external conditions, you must realize that only daily work will transform natural inclinations into skills that in the future can develop into real talent. And if your abilities manifest themselves unusually brightly, then perhaps the result of self-improvement will be recognition of your genius.

We continue to introduce you to coaching tools that you can use on your own to put order in your head, structure your thoughts, increase awareness, make decisions, increase motivation and, as a result, for a more effective and exciting movement towards your goals.

Very often, the reason for failure to achieve goals is not a lack of motivation, not a poorly thought-out plan, or even procrastination, most often it is a banal miscalculation of resources. One of the most important resources is our knowledge, abilities and skills.

Interesting: The skills needed to achieve a goal do not necessarily have to be perfectly developed. Mihaly Csiksendmihalyi, who first described the state of flow, which is characterized by complete immersion in the process of performing a specific task, compiled a list of conditions under which such a state can arise. One of the conditions is the complexity of the task being performed. That is, the skills must be developed enough to ensure that the task remains both challenging and feasible. Because if the skills are not developed enough, completing the task will be too difficult, which will quickly lead to a loss of interest and motivation. If the skills are too well developed, the task will turn out to be too easy and working on it will quickly cease to be fun. Therefore, when setting a goal, it is important not only to evaluate the existing skills and understand how to develop the necessary skills, but also to take into account the correspondence between the desired goal and the degree of development of the required skill.

Today I will tell you about a coaching tool, after working with which you will find answers to the questions: “What knowledge and skills is important for me to develop to achieve my goal?” and “How can I do this?”

Surely many of you have heard about the Wheel of Balance. I propose to consider an alternative use of this tool. So, meet (drum roll) the Skill Wheel!

The skill wheel is a universal name. In fact, it can include any skills, knowledge and abilities. These are the resources that will always be with you, no matter where you are and with whom.

Algorithm for working with the skill wheel

The algorithm for working with the skill wheel is the same as with the balance wheel.

1. Determine what knowledge, skills and abilities you need to achieve your goal. Preferably no more than 8. The less, the better for focusing.

Recommendation: Answer the question: “Who am I when I achieve this goal?” For example, your goal is to start earning money remotely. And the answer to the question “Who am I when I achieve this goal?” maybe "Freelancer". This means that for your list you choose qualities, skills, knowledge that are important for a successful freelancer. Or “I want to take my business to the next level.” Who am I? Entrepreneur. And look for what characterizes a successful entrepreneur. Or “I want sculpted abs.” Who am I? Attractive guy with ripped abs. Now think about who you can call “Attractive guy with ripped abs” 🙂 What qualities, skills, abilities helped him achieve this goal?

2. Answer the question: “How should each skill ideally be demonstrated (applicable to your goal)?”

3. Write down separately all the criteria for the ideal manifestation of a skill.

4. Draw a wheel, dividing it into sectors corresponding to the number of skills you have chosen. The pattern will look like a wheel with spokes. Each spoke is a skill.

5. Divide each knitting needle into 10 parts so that each part is worth 1 point. We count points from the center, starting from 1.

6. Rate on a 10-point scale how well each skill is currently demonstrated. That is, what score can you assign to the skill now if 10 points is the ideal manifestation of the skill (according to your description).

7. Place a dot on the score you assigned to the skill on each spoke and connect the dots. This way you can comprehensively assess the existing picture of your skills today.

Action plan

Now let's move on to compiling a list of actions.

8. Select the skill you want to start with.

9. Think about how your skill will change if the degree of its manifestation increases by just 1 point? What new things will appear in you? And what can be done to develop a skill by just 1 point? Write down the actions you choose.

10. Now think about how your skill will change if the degree of its manifestation increases by another 1 point? What new things will appear in you? And what can be done to develop the skill so that its manifestation increases by one more point? Write down these actions too.

11. Continue moving up 1 point and recording your chosen actions until you reach 10 points.

Note: This step-by-step scoring method of movement is believed to better structure thoughts in the action area. But if you're more comfortable making a list of actions right away, that's your choice. The proposed algorithm can and should be adjusted to suit yourself, only then will it be as useful as possible.

The skill wheel can be used for almost any goal or subgoal, as long as it is as specific as possible.

An example of a wonderful elaboration of this exercise was shown by WinWin program participant Mira Charlie. Her goal is to get a job in the personnel department of a large company. One of the most important stages is the interview. In order to prepare for this stage as effectively as possible, Mira created an ideal interview wheel, listing in it everything that, in her opinion, a successful candidate needs.

I really hope that this tool will be useful to you when analyzing resources and planning development actions.

Other ways to use the balance wheel, as well as various useful coaching models and techniques, can not only be learned, but also practiced both as a coach and as a client, by enrolling in the “Coaching Fundamentals” course.

Section 1, Chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system. Option 1.

Multiple Choice Questions

1.The main subsystems of society include:

1) state; 2) religion; 3) economics; 4) class of entrepreneurs.

2. A social institution is:

3. The main political institution is

1) the institution of a multi-party system; 3) the institution of presidential plenipotentiaries

2) the institution of the judiciary; 4) the institution of the state.

4. Are the following judgments about society as a system true?

A. Society as a system is characterized by self-sufficiency

B. Society as a system is characterized by self-government

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are correct;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are incorrect.

Short answer questions.

Peculiarity	Her essence
Ordered Integrity

Social institutions	Types of social institutions
	1) economic institutions
B) motherhood	2) political institutions
	3) the institution of family and marriage
D) money
D) party

Section 1, Chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system. Option 2.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The following does not apply to the characteristics of society as a system:

1) the presence of many levels, subsystems, elements. 3) alternative development;

2) completeness, linearity of development; 4) the presence of elements of different quality.

2. A social institution is:

1) the totality of all types of transformative activity, as well as its result, including the transformation of the person himself;

2) a historically established, stable form of organizing the joint activities of people performing certain functions in society, the main of which is the satisfaction of social needs;

3) a person’s way of relating to the outside world, which consists in transforming and subordinating it to the person’s goals;

4) relatively stable connections between social groups, peoples, states and other associations of people that arise in different spheres of human activity.

3. The institution of parliamentarism arose in the political life of our country. What function of society as a system does this example illustrate?

1) integration; 2) adaptation; 3) goal achievement; 4) maintaining the sample.

4. Are the following judgments about the relationship between spheres of public life correct?

A. The relationship between the spheres of public life is characterized by their independence from each other.

B. The relationship between the spheres of public life is characterized by their complex relationships and mutual influence.

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are correct;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are incorrect.

5. Are the following judgments about social institutions true?

A. Social institutions make connections between people random and chaotic.

B. Social institutions unite large masses of people to satisfy one or another need.

1) only A is true; 3) both judgments are correct;

2) only B is true; 4) both judgments are incorrect.

6. In the country K., the political system of society slows down the development of the economy. This example illustrates:

1) cyclicality as the basis of the existence of society;

2) the complex structure of the main spheres of social life;

3) constant change in social life;

4) the relationship between the spheres of public life.

Short answer questions.

Write down the word missing in the fragment of the table.

Peculiarity	Her essence
Ordered Integrity	The components of the system occupy a certain position within it and are connected in a certain way with other components
	The ability of a system to create all the necessary conditions for its existence, to produce everything necessary for the collective life of people.

Establish a correspondence between social institutions and their types:

Social institutions	Types of social institutions
	1) economic institutions
B) motherhood	2) political institutions
	3) the institution of family and marriage
D) money
D) party

Find the key institutions in terms of how society is organized in the list below:

power, 2) forensic examination; 3) property; 4) factory; 5) twinning; 6) family.

Section 1, Chapter 1. Society. Topic 2. // Society as a complex dynamic system

Option 1.

Multiple Choice Questions

Short answer questions.

1. self-sufficiency

Option 2.

Multiple Choice Questions

Short answer questions.

1. self-sufficiency

The second part of the definition of the concept of “society” given in § 1 emphasizes the idea of ​​​​the interconnection of people and the interaction of various spheres of public life. In philosophical literature, society is defined as a “dynamic system.” The concept of “system” may seem complicated, but it makes sense to understand it, since there are many objects in the world that are covered by this concept. Our Universe, the culture of an individual people, and the activities of man himself are systems. The word “system” is of Greek origin and means “a whole made up of parts”, “a totality”. Thus, each system includes interacting parts: subsystems and elements. Connections and relationships between parts of the system become of primary importance. Dynamic systems allow various changes, development, the emergence of new parts and the death of old parts and connections between them.

Features of the social system

What are the characteristic features of society as a system? How does this system differ from natural systems? A number of such differences have been identified in the social sciences.

Firstly, society as a system is complex, since it includes many levels, subsystems, and elements. Thus, we can talk about human society on a global scale, about society within one country, about various social groups in which each person is included (nation, class, family, etc.).

The macrostructure of society as a system consists of four subsystems, which are the main spheres of human activity - material and production, social, political, spiritual. Each of these spheres known to you has its own complex structure and is itself a complex system. Thus, the political sphere acts as a system that includes a large number of components - the state, parties, etc. But the state, for example, is also a system with many components.

Thus, any of the existing spheres of society, being a subsystem in relation to society, at the same time itself acts as a rather complex system. Therefore, we can talk about a hierarchy of systems consisting of a number of different levels.

In other words, society is a complex system of systems, a kind of supersystem.

Secondly, characteristic feature of society as a system is the presence in its composition of elements of different quality, both material (various technical devices, institutions, etc.) and ideal (values, ideas, traditions, etc.). For example, the economic sphere includes enterprises, vehicles, raw materials, manufactured goods and, at the same time, economic knowledge, rules, values, patterns of economic behavior and much more.

Third, basic element of society as a system is a person who has the ability to set goals and choose means of carrying out his activities. This makes social systems more changeable and mobile than natural ones.

Social life is in constant change. The pace and extent of these changes may vary; There are periods in the history of mankind when the established order of life did not change in its fundamentals for centuries, but over time the pace of change began to increase.

From your history course, you know that in societies that existed in different eras, certain qualitative changes occurred, while the natural systems of those periods did not undergo significant changes. This fact indicates that society is a dynamic system that has a property that in science is expressed by the concepts of “change”, “development”, “progress”, “regression”, “evolution”, “revolution”, etc.

Hence, Human- this is a universal element of all social systems, since it is certainly included in each of them.

Like any system, society is an ordered entity. This means that the components of the system are not in disorder, but, on the contrary, occupy a certain position within the system and are connected in a certain way with other components. Therefore, the system has integrative quality, which is inherent in it as a single whole. None of the system components, considered separately, possesses this quality. It, this quality, is the result of the integration and interconnection of all components of the system. Just as individual human organs (heart, stomach, liver, etc.) do not have the properties of a person, the economy, health care system, state and other elements of society do not have the qualities that are inherent in society as a whole. And only thanks to the diverse connections that exist between the components of the social system, it turns into a single whole, that is, into society (just as a single human body exists thanks to the interaction of various human organs).

The connections between subsystems and elements of society can be illustrated with various examples. The study of the distant past of mankind allowed scientists to conclude that the moral relations of people in primitive conditions were built on collectivist principles, that is, in modern terms, priority was always given to the collective rather than to the individual. It is also known that the moral norms that existed among many tribes in those archaic times allowed the killing of weak members of the clan - sick children, old people - and even cannibalism. Have these ideas and views of people about the limits of what is morally permissible been influenced by the real material conditions of their existence? The answer is clear: undoubtedly, they did. The need to collectively obtain material wealth, the doom of a person separated from his clan to quick death, laid the foundations of collectivist morality. Guided by the same methods of struggle for existence and survival, people did not consider it immoral to free themselves from those who could become a burden to the collective.

Another example could be the connection between legal norms and socio-economic relations. Let us turn to known historical facts. The code of laws of the Old Russian state - Russian Pravda - provides for various punishments for murder. In this case, the measure of punishment was determined primarily by a person’s place in the system of hierarchical relations, his belonging to one or another social stratum or group. Thus, the fine for killing a tiun (steward) was enormous: it was 80 hryvnia and equal to the cost of 80 oxen or 400 rams. The life of a serf or serf was valued at 5 hryvnia, i.e. 16 times cheaper.

Integral, i.e. general, inherent in the entire system, qualities of any system are not a simple sum of the qualities of its components, but represent new quality, resulting from the relationship and interaction of its constituent components. In its most general form, this is the quality of society as a social system - ability to create all the necessary conditions for its existence, to produce everything necessary for the collective life of people. In philosophy self-sufficiency considered as main difference society from its constituent parts. Just as human organs cannot exist outside the whole organism, so none of the subsystems of society can exist outside the whole - society as a system.

Another feature of society as a system is that this system is one of the self-governing. The managerial function is performed by the political subsystem, which gives consistency to all components that form the social integrity.

Any system, be it technical (a unit with an automatic control system), or biological (animal), or social (society), is located in a certain environment with which it interacts. Environment of the social system of any country is both nature and the world community. Changes in the state of the natural environment, events in the world community, in the international arena are a kind of signals to which society must respond. It usually seeks to either adapt to changes occurring in the environment or adapt the environment to its needs. In other words, the system reacts to signals in one way or another. At the same time, she realizes her main functions: adaptation; goal achievement, i.e. the ability to maintain its integrity, ensuring the implementation of its tasks, influencing the surrounding natural and social environment; sample maintenance- the ability to maintain one’s internal structure; integration- the ability to integrate, that is, to include new parts, new social formations (phenomena, processes, etc.) into a single whole.