Order of the Red Banner of the Russian Federation. War red banners. Order of the Red Banner of Labor

By decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of September 16, 1918, the Order of the RSFSR “Red Banner” was established, and after the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of August 1, 1924, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established. The status of the order was approved by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee dated January 11, 1932, and later additions and changes were made to it by Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in a new edition.

Order status.

The Order of the Red Banner was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland.

The Order of the Red Banner is awarded to:

military personnel of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops, employees of the USSR State Security Committee and other citizens of the USSR;
military units, warships, formations and associations.

The Order of the Red Banner can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR.

The Order of the Red Banner is awarded to:

for particularly significant feats performed in a combat situation with obvious danger to life;
for outstanding leadership of combat operations of military units, formations, associations and the special courage and courage shown;
for special courage and courage shown during the performance of a special task;
for special courage and courage shown in ensuring the state security of the country and the inviolability of the state border of the USSR in conditions involving risk to life;
for successful combat operations of military units, warships, formations and associations, which, despite stubborn enemy resistance, losses or other unfavorable conditions, defeated the enemy or inflicted a major defeat on him or contributed to the success of our troops in carrying out a major military operation.

In exceptional cases, the Order of the Red Banner can be awarded for particularly significant services in maintaining high combat readiness of troops, as well as for feats performed in the performance of military duty with obvious danger to life.

When re-awarding the Order of the Red Banner, the recipient is given an order with the number “2”, and for subsequent awards - with the corresponding numbers.

The award is made upon the proposal of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the USSR KGB, respectively.

Military units, warships, formations and associations awarded the Order of the Red Banner are called “Red Banner”.

The Order of the Red Banner is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the October Revolution.

Description of the order.

The Order of the Red Banner is a sign depicting an unfurled Red Banner with the inscription “Workers of all countries, unite!”, below which a laurel wreath is placed around the circumference. In the center on a white enamel background are a crossed torch, a flagpole, a rifle, a hammer and a plow, covered with a five-pointed star. In the middle of the star on a white enamel background there is a hammer and sickle framed by a laurel wreath. The upper two rays of the star are covered with the Red Banner. At the bottom of the laurel wreath there is a ribbon with the inscription “USSR”. Under the middle of the ribbon on repeated orders, the numbers “2”, “3”, “4”, etc. are placed on a white enamel shield. The banner, the ends of the star and the ribbon are covered with ruby-red enamel, the images of the hammer and the plow are oxidized, the remaining images, their outlines and the inscriptions on the order are gilded.

The order is made of silver. The silver content in the order is 22.719±1.389 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 25.134±1.8 g.

The height of the order is 41 mm, width - 36.3 mm.

The order, using an eyelet and a ring, is connected to a pentagonal block covered with a silk moiré ribbon 24 mm wide. In the middle of the tape there is a longitudinal white stripe 8 mm wide, closer to the edges there are two red stripes, each 7 mm wide, and at the edges there are two white stripes, 1 mm each.

History of the order.

The Order of the Red Banner (until 1932 - the Order of the Red Banner) is the first order established in the USSR. He traces his ancestry back to the Republican Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, established during the Civil War. This is the only Soviet order whose re-awarding was marked with a special badge on the front (enamel shield with the award number).

The first gentleman Order of the Red Banner Vasily Konstantinovich Blucher, a former Sormovo worker and chairman of the Chelyabinsk Revolutionary Committee, became the RSFSR. In 1918, having united several armed detachments under his command, he made a legendary campaign through the Urals with them, waging fierce battles with the White Guards. The ten-thousand-strong partisan army he led carried out a heroic raid on the rear of the whites. Having covered 1,500 kilometers in 40 days in continuous battles, the partisans united with regular units of the Red Army. The submission of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 3rd Army, which included the partisans of V.K. Blucher, said: “The transition of the troops of Comrade. Blucher under impossible conditions can only be equated with Suvorov’s transitions in Switzerland.” For this feat, on September 30, 1918, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee awarded Blucher the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR No. 1. For his exploits during the Civil War, Blucher was awarded the order three more times. The fifth order, but this time of the Red Banner of the USSR Blyukher V.K. received for his work as a military adviser to the revolutionary government of China.

Among those awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR were prominent figures of the CPSU - Kalinin M.I., Kirov S.M., Ordzhonikidze G.K., Kuibyshev V.V., as well as outstanding commanders of the civil war - Frunze M.V., Tukhachevsky M.N., Budyonny S.M., Voroshilov K.E., Chapaev V.I., Kotovsky G.I. and others.

On April 8, 1920, the following form of award was approved: award edged weapons (checker or dagger) with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. The first point in the decree was written: “Honorary revolutionary weapons, as an exceptional award, are awarded for special military distinctions shown by senior commanders in the army.” In total, 21 outstanding Soviet military leaders were awarded this award. Among them are the Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Republic Kamenev S.S., the legendary heroes of the civil war Frunze M.V., Budyonny S.M., Voroshilov K.E., Kotovsky G.I., talented red commanders Tukhachevsky M.N. , Timoshenko S.K., Uborevich I.P., Kork A.I. and others.

A little later, award firearms with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, attached to the handle, began to be awarded. Only two awards are known, in 1921. Kamenev S.S. and Budyonny S.M. were awarded by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 28 of January 26, 1921.

In 1919-30, many military units were awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR - the 5th Army, the Separate Caucasian Army; 7th, 15th and 24th rifle divisions; 3rd, 6th and 10th Cavalry Divisions; 93rd, 137th and 262nd rifle regiments; 19th and 29th cavalry regiments, as well as a number of other formations, units and subunits.

Order of the Red Banner The RSFSR was awarded to the Baltic Fleet and the cruiser "Aurora", Armored Train No. 8, the Military Academy of the Red Army, the cities of Petrograd, Grozny, Tsaritsyn, Lugansk and Tashkent.

For services in the fight against counter-revolution, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic of December 20, 1922, the Special Department of the State Political Administration (OGPU) was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR.

By analogy with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, the republics of Transcaucasia, as well as some Central Asian republics, introduced their Orders of the Red Banner.

After the unification of the Soviet republics into one Union of the SSR (December 1922), the question arose about creating a single military award for the country.

The only Soviet military award was the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on August 1, 1924. This document determined only the fact of the creation of the award; the statute and description of the order were absent from it. A competition for the creation of a draft of the order's badge was announced at the end of 1924, after the promulgation of the first Resolution on awarding the order. The commission received 683 sketches from 393 authors, but none of them were approved, since they were all inferior to the drawing of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. Therefore, it was he who was accepted as the starting point for creating a new sign. The only change was to replace the inscription “RSFSR” with the inscription “USSR”.

The Leningrad Mint did not immediately begin producing the Union Orders of the Red Banner. By the beginning of 1925, the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR and the headquarters of military districts had accumulated several thousand Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR that had not yet been awarded. Therefore, it was decided to continue issuing the republican order, but on behalf of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR.

The protocol of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated December 17, 1932 noted: “To establish the beginning of issuing the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR from January 1, 1933.” The same document noted the “historical significance” of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, and therefore it was decided “as a rule not to replace it with the all-Union order badge.”

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of one Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 14,678 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded one order was 16,317.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the two Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 285 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded the two orders was 378 people.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the three Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 31 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded the three orders was 60 people.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the four Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 4 people.

On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded four orders was 7 people. Blyukher V.K., Voroshilov K.E., Vostretsov S.S., Evdokimov E.G., Lapin A.Ya., Fabritsius Ya.F. became four times knights. and Fedko I.F.

In total, on January 1, 1933, the total number of awards with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 16,762. Among those awarded were 28 women.

Initially, the order was worn on the left side of the chest on a bow made of red material, just like the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. In the cold season, the orders were removed from the tunic or jacket and attached to the overcoat. By the end of the 20s, the order of wearing signs on a bow and over an overcoat was used less and less, and when the first Status of the order was approved in 1932, it was finally abolished.

According to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 19, 1943, for orders in the shape of a circle or oval, the order of wearing them suspended from a pentagonal block covered with a moire (silk) ribbon is introduced. The same Decree established the color of the ribbon (see above). From that time on, the insignia of the order were made with ears at the top of the banner.

There was an attempt to transfer the Order of the Red Banner to edged weapons (by analogy with the Order of the RSFSR). The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, by the Resolution of December 12, 1924 “On awarding the highest command personnel of the Red Army and the Navy with Honorary Revolutionary Weapons,” established the award weapon of the USSR - a saber with the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR on the hilt. This highest award of the USSR was awarded for the first and only time only five years later: in 1929, a saber with an order was presented to the commander of the Trans-Baikal Group of Forces, Corps Commander S.S. Vostretsov. It is noteworthy that he was one of four holders of four Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR for services in the civil war and a holder of three St. George Crosses for exploits during the First World War.

Among the first to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was a group of security officers: Menzhinsky V.R., Fedorov A.P., Syroezhkin G.S., Demidenko N.I., Puzitsky S.V., Pilyar R.A. All of them were awarded this order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 5, 1924 for carrying out tasks of the OGPU to combat a group of counter-revolutionaries led by B. Savinkov.

Following the mentioned security officers, non-military people again became holders of the order: in 1925, participants in the flight on the Moscow-Beijing route on the first Soviet-designed and built aircraft were awarded. Among the cavaliers were the flight director, the famous scientist academician O.Yu. Schmidt, all the pilots (including the legendary M.M. Gromov) and all the aircraft mechanics.

Then, until the end of the 30s, the Order of the Red Banner was rarely issued, because it remained the highest military order. In addition, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of September 26, 1924, nominations for the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR for feats committed before January 1, 1923 (i.e., before the formation of the USSR) were discontinued. From that moment on, the order began to be awarded only for military distinctions and merits, and the Soviet Union did not fight for many years, at least officially, which, of course, provided few opportunities for receiving awards.

However, the aforementioned ban on performances dated September 26, 2024 was later violated, twice. This first happened in 1927, when, on the 10th anniversary of October, the cruiser Aurora was awarded for revolutionary services by the Decree of November 2. The ban was violated for the second time 4 months later - on February 23, 1928. On the day of the 10th anniversary of the Red Army, the Order was awarded to the Komsomol, the Baltic Fleet (at that time the Naval Forces of the Baltic Sea), as well as several hundred veterans for their services during the Civil War.

A year later, dozens of orders were awarded to participants in the liquidation of the armed conflict with Chinese troops on the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER). At the same time, they presented a saber with the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR to S.S. Vostretsov. (see above).

A year later, by the Resolution of May 5, 1930, all holders of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR were given equal rights with holders of the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR. This resolution, in particular, implied the introduction of a single numbering of orders received by the same person, both during the Civil War and later.

The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to participants in the war in Spain, including future Marshals Malinovsky R.Ya., Meretskov K.A., Voronov N.I., future generals Batov P.I., Rodimtsev A.I. and Smushkevich Ya.V. Then there were awards for battles at Lake Khasan (1938) and on the Khalkhin Gol River (1939) - a total of 2,575 awards. Even more Red Banners appeared after the Soviet-Finnish War (1939-1940).

For participation in hostilities against Japan and Finland in 1938-1940. A number of military units have been awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Thus, for Khalkhin Gol, the Orders of the Red Banner were awarded to the 57th Infantry Division of Colonel Galanin, the 6th Tank Brigade of Colonel Pavelkin, the 9th Motorized Armored Brigade of Colonel Shevnikov, the 601st Infantry Regiment of Major Sudak, the 82nd Howitzer Regiment of Major Saparov, 22 1st aviation regiment of Major Kravchenko, 406th separate communications battalion of Major Soldatenkov, separate sapper companies of the 6th, 11th and 32nd tank brigades, as well as several other units. For the Finnish campaign, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the 7th Infantry Division of the Kiev Special Military District, the 142nd Infantry Division (Decree of April 11, 1940), the 137th Howitzer and 320th Cannon Artillery Regiments of the RGK and other units and formations.

In 1938, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School named after. Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

In 1941, the Great Patriotic War began, which opened a new period in the award business: order bearers, who were single before the war, became a mass phenomenon. However, in the first years of the war, awards of the Order of the Red Banner remained rare. However, the first holder of the Order of the Red Banner during the Great Patriotic War appeared in the summer of 1941. He was a pilot, senior political instructor A.A. Artemov.

The first military formation to become Red Banner during the war was the 99th Infantry Division (commander - Colonel N.I. Dementyev), awarded such a high award for the liberation of the city of Peremshl from the Germans by the evening of June 23, 1941. The division held the city until June 27, after which it retreated to the east by order of the command. By the end of the war, this unit accomplished many feats, received the Guards rank, and became known as the 88th Guards Zaporozhye Red Banner, Order of Lenin, Suvorov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky rifle division. It is noteworthy that this division was named the best in the Red Army in 1940, when it was commanded by the later notorious General A. Vlasov.

During the war, the famous 316th Infantry Division, Major General Panfilov, was among the first to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner. A group of soldiers from this particular division, led by political instructor Klochkov, stopped German tanks advancing on the Volokolamsk highway at the Dubosekovo crossing. On October 18, 1941, Panfilov died just hours before the division was awarded. Simultaneously with receiving the high award, the 316th division was renamed the 8th Guards Rifle Division.

During the war years, the Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military educational institutions for the training of command personnel. Thus, the Kiev Infantry School named after the Workers of the Red Zamoskvorechye (September 1943), the Kiev Military School of Communications named after M.I. Kalinin (February 1944) and many others.

In 1942, when the question arose about creating orders specifically for the senior command staff of the Red Army, they again remembered the Order of the Red Banner. As such a reward, it was initially proposed to establish the Order of the Red Banner with swords, but I. Stalin rejected this option.

Junior commanders of the ground forces, and even more so sergeants and soldiers, were rarely awarded the Order of the Red Banner. However, there were also unique awards. Thus, the young partisan from Kerch Volodya Dubinin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner at the age of 13 (posthumously), the 14-year-old sailor Igor Pakhomov had two (!) Orders of the Red Banner. Kiev schoolboy pioneer Kostya Kravchuk saved the regimental banners of the 968th and 970th rifle regiments of the Red Army during the occupation. The banners were handed over to Kostya by wounded Red Army soldiers just before the capture of Kyiv by the enemy. For saving the banners, Kravchuk received the Order of the Red Banner after the liberation of the city. He was 12 years old then.

At the end of the war, submariner Alexander Ivanovich Marinesko became famous. On January 30, 1945, the submarine S-13, headed by Captain III Rank Marinesko, in the Danzig area sent the German liner Wilhelm Gustlow, with a displacement of 25,480 tons, to the bottom. There were many passengers on board the ship, including high-ranking Reich officers and submarine officers who had just completed their submarine commander course and were heading to their home ports. Of more than 7,700 passengers and crew members, only 903 survived. To this day, this incident is considered the largest maritime ship disaster and is listed in the Guinness Book of Records. Hitler declared three days of mourning in Germany and called the submarine captain his personal enemy. Marinesko, returning to his base from a campaign, also managed to sink the German auxiliary cruiser General Steuben, with a displacement of 14,600 tons, which had about 3,000 soldiers and military equipment on board. It seemed that for such a feat even the title of Hero of the Soviet Union would not be enough. However, Marinesko received only the Order of the Red Banner. The order is, of course, honorable, but clearly not based on merit. Admiral Shchedrin, who knew Marinesko, considers the submariner’s misconduct to be the reason for this injustice. A few weeks before the sinking of the Gustlov, the brave captain “and his comrades” went on a spree in the Finnish port of Turku and returned to their base only three days later. At first they wanted to judge Marinesko, but then they decided to leave him in service - let him sink enemy ships...

Many foreign citizens became Knights of the Order of the Red Banner. Thus, the order was awarded to the commander of the Normandie-Niemen air regiment, Pierre Pouillade, and the pilot of the same regiment, the Marquis Rolland de la Poype (Hero of the Soviet Union).

On February 10, 1945, Romanian pilots operating as part of the Red Army, Sergeant Major Georgiy Grecu and Sergeant Major Vieru Pavel, shot down an He-129 aircraft on which the leaders of the underground fascist and legionary Romanian movement were trying to escape from Romania. For this, Romanian pilots were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

The 1st Romanian Volunteer Infantry Division named after Tudor Vladimirescu, which had fought against the Nazis shoulder to shoulder with the Red Army since the fall of 1944, also became Red Banner. She received this award for her heroism in the Debrecen operation. It was also given the honorary name Debrecen.

In total, during the war years, 238 thousand awards of the Order of the Red Banner took place (the vast majority in 1943-1945). Among them are more than 3,270 awards for formations, units, divisions and enterprises.

In addition to the above-mentioned cruiser Aurora, 55 warships (28 surface ships and 27 submarines) were awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Among them we can note the battleship of the Black Sea Fleet "Sevastopol" (1945), the battleship of the Black Sea Fleet "October Revolution", the cruisers of the Black Sea Fleet "Kirov" (February 27, 1943) and "Maxim Gorky", the cruiser of the Black Sea Fleet "Voroshilov", the base minesweeper of the Black Sea Fleet "Mina", destroyers SF “Gromky” and “Grozny” (March 1945), submarine Shch-202.

The main military newspaper “Red Star” was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1945.

In the Soviet Armed Forces there were units awarded three Orders of the Red Banner. They were fully called the Samara-Ulyanovsk, Berdichevskaya, Zheleznaya thrice Red Banner, orders of Suvorov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky motorized rifle division and the Irkutsk-Pinsk thrice Red Banner, orders of Lenin and Suvorov Guards Motorized Rifle Division named after the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR.

Even such huge military formations as the district could be awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Thus, by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of February 22, 1963, the Kiev Military District was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Among the industrial enterprises awarded the Order of the Red Banner are the Leningrad Association “Kirov Plant” (1940), the Gorky Automobile Plant (1944), the Ural Heavy Engineering Plant named after. S. Ordzhonikidze (1945) and others. It is interesting to note that even such a purely peaceful institution as the Moscow Central Documentary Film Studio (TSSDF) was awarded this honorary military order in 1944.

The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the hero city of Leningrad (1919), the hero city of Volgograd (1924), the cities of Tashkent (1924), Grozny (1924), the hero city of Sevastopol (1954) and others.

Even before the end of the war, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, by Decree of June 4, 1944, introduced the procedure for awarding orders and medals to Red Army soldiers for long service. The decree provided for the awarding of the Order of the Red Banner for 20 years, and again for 30 years of impeccable service (for 25 years of service, the Order of Lenin was awarded). In the fall of the same year, this procedure was extended to military personnel of the Navy, as well as military personnel and employees of internal affairs and state security agencies. It operated for almost 14 years. During this time, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded about 300 thousand times for length of service, and only to a few hundred military personnel - for military distinction. These were mainly pilots of the 64th Fighter Aviation Corps, who fought in the skies of Korea in 1950-54, military personnel who took part in the suppression of the “counter-revolutionary rebellion” in Hungary in 1956, as well as participants in testing new equipment.

For the punitive action in Hungary, in the 7th Guards Airborne Division alone, 40 people were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Only after the Decree of February 11, 1958, which abolished the awarding of orders for long service, the Order of the Red Banner again became a purely military award. Since the highest military order “Victory” has not been issued since 1945, the Order of the Red Banner automatically again became the senior “active” military order. Later, it was sometimes issued to officers of the Soviet Army - participants in the war in Vietnam (1965-1975), Egypt (1973), Afghanistan (1979-89), as well as some others.

The largest number of awards of the Order of the Red Banner after the end of the Great Patriotic War was made in 1980-1989 for providing international assistance to the Republic of Afghanistan. 1972 people received the high award. Most of the recipients - officers and generals - were awarded for the skillful organization of military operations. In exceptional cases, privates and sergeants were awarded for their courage and heroism. For example, Private Nikolai Kontsov from the sapper platoon of the 1st motorized maneuver group was awarded a high award. While escorting a food convoy on May 13, 1988, he discovered an enemy ambush and, showing courage and heroism, saved the convoy from capture and destruction. For this feat in October 1988, Kontsov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In the 80s, the Moscow Mint produced a special batch of Orders of the Red Banner with Civil War numbers and the inscription “RSFSR”, but on pentagonal pendant blocks. They were intended to be given to the repressed or their relatives.

The Order of the Red Banner with the number “5” on the shield was first awarded according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 3, 1944. The badge of the order with the number “5” No. 1 was awarded to Marshal of the Soviet Union K.E. Voroshilov, and with No. 2 - Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny. These awards took place after the Decree of June 19, 1943, so pin variants with the number “5” and above never existed.

32 people were awarded six Orders of the Red Banner: Marshals of the Soviet Union Budyonny S.M. and Rokossovsky K.K., army generals Getman A.L., Pavlovsky I.G., Radzievsky A.I., air marshals Borzov I.I. and Koldunov A.I., Marshal of the Signal Corps Leonov A.I., Colonel General of Aviation Podgorny I.D. and Shevelev P.F., Lieutenant General Korotkov A.M., Major General of Aviation Slepenkov Ya.Z. and Golovachev P.Ya. and others.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 31, 1967, “for the successes achieved in combat and political training, maintaining high combat readiness of troops and mastering new complex military equipment,” Major General of Aviation Mikhail Ivanovich Burtsev was awarded the seventh Order of the Red Banner. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner with the number “7” on the shield for No. 1. Aviation Colonel General S.D. Gorelov was also awarded seven Orders of the Red Banner. and Kozhedub I.N., Colonel General of Tank Forces Kozhanov K.G., Lieutenant General of Aviation Golubev V.F., Lieutenant General Enshin M.A., Major General Petrov N.P. and others (about ten people in total).

The only person who was awarded the Order of the Red Banner eight times was Air Marshal, Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Ivanovich Pstygo. However, the eighth order awarded to him did not have a cartouche with the award number. Thus, the Order of the Red Banner with the number 8 on the cartouche never existed.

It should be noted that in a combat situation, the award departments of the armies and fronts did not always have a sufficient supply of repeated awards of the Order of the Red Banner. In addition, when filling out a submission for an order (or when a higher authority downgraded an award submission from the title of GSS or the Order of Lenin to the Order of the Red Banner), it was not always taken into account that the person already had one Order of the Red Banner. Based on these reasons, when a person was awarded the second or even third Order of the Red Banner, he could be given a primary award badge that did not have a cartouche. Such cases occur quite often. I would like to mention Lieutenant Colonel T.A. Dolbonosov, who was awarded four Orders of the Red Banner, but none of them had a cartouche.

In total, from 1924 to 1991, more than 581,300 awards were made with the Order of the Red Banner.

You can learn about the features and types of medals on the USSR Medals website

Approximate cost of the medal.

How much does the Order of the Red Banner cost? Below we give the approximate price for some rooms:

Number range:	Price:
RSFSR, red cloth rosette, mirror reverse, numbers 1-22 000	15000-25000$
RSFSR, smooth reverse, numbers 623-21200	10000-18000$
RSFSR, smooth reverse, numbers 13600-13947	25000-30000$
RSFSR, number "2" on the shield, numbers 3-328	30000-45000$
RSFSR, number "3" on the shield, numbers 13-248	50000-75000$
Duplicate, twice as thick, the mark “MONDVOR” is carved with a pen at the top	20000-30000$
Duplicate, twice as thick, the “MONDVOR” stamp is stamped with a punch	15000-25000$
Duplicate, twice as thick, the “MINT” stamp is filled with a punch	2000-3000$
USSR, number cut out at the top, numbers 15-195	12000-14000$
USSR, number cut out at the bottom, numbers 174-258	5000-6000$
USSR, numbers 317-18900	4500-5000$
USSR, smooth reverse, numbers 20027-20214	10000-12000$
USSR, smooth reverse, stamp "MONDVOR" stamped with a punch, numbers 20120-20739	10000-12000$
USSR, smooth reverse, stamp "MONDVOR" carved with a graver, numbers 20866-21154	10000-12000$
USSR, smooth reverse, "MINT" stamp, numbers 21200-79807	1000-1200$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape "Dovetail", numbers 77400-84200	1300-1500$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape, numbers 84000-136000	600-700$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape, numbers 137300-333300	400-500$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape, numbers 336300-359400	300-350$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape, numbers 355600-400600	270-300$
USSR, smooth reverse, suspended round shape, numbers 401000-565800	270-300$
	RRR
Repeated award, number “2” on the shield, no “MONDVOR” stamp, 50 orders were made	1300-1500$
Repeated award, "MONDVOR" stamp at the top, numbers 72-266	30000-40000$
Re-awarding, stamp "MONDVOR" under the number, numbers 284-341	35000-45000$
Repeated award, “MONDVOR” stamp above the number, numbers 481-1185	30000-40000$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 1267-4646	9000-13000$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 5065-7264	1500-2000$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 6400-6570	2500-3500$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 7440-16600	1500-2000$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 16900-19400	1200-1300$
Repeated award, stamp "MINT", numbers 19000-33800	1000-1200$
USSR, number "3" on the shield, screw, stamp "MONDVOR" under the number, numbers 161-526	30000-35000$
USSR, number "3" on the shield, stamp "MINT", numbers 561-616	30000-35000$
USSR, number "3" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 759-1600	3000-4000$
USSR, number "3" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 1600-12800	2500-3500$
USSR, number "4" on the shield, screw, stamp "MONDVOR", numbers 88-143	55000-65000$
USSR, number "4" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 200-600	9000-12000$
USSR, number "4" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 660-3200	8000-10000$
USSR, number "5" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 33-376	20000-30000$
USSR, number "6" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 4-63	45000-60000$
USSR, number "7" on the shield, pendant, stamp "MINT", numbers 1 and 2	RRR
Duplicate, screw, stamp "MONDVOR", numbers 2692-6947	12000-15000$
Duplicate, pendant, hallmark "MINT" in one line	1000-1500$
Duplicate, pendant, hallmark "MINT" in two lines	1000-1500$

According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, the purchase and/or sale of medals, orders, documents of the USSR and Russia is prohibited; this is all described in Article 324. Purchase or sale of official documents and state awards. You can read about this in more detail in, in which the law is described in more detail, as well as those medals, orders and documents that do not relate to this ban are described.

Order of the Red Banner

Order of the Red Banner–state award of the USSR, established by the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of September 16, 1918 as the Order of the RSFSR “Red Banner”, and after the formation of the USSR, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of August 1, 1924.

STATUTE OF THE ORDER

The statute of the order was approved by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee dated January 11, 1932, and later additions and changes were made to it by Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order in a new edition was approved.

The Order of the Red Banner was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland.

The order was awarded to:

Military personnel of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops, employees of the USSR State Security Committee and other citizens of the USSR,

Military units, warships, formations and associations.

The Order of the Red Banner could also be awarded to persons who were not citizens of the USSR.

The order was awarded to:

For particularly significant feats performed in a combat situation with obvious danger to life,
- for outstanding leadership of combat operations of military units, formations, associations and the special courage and courage shown,
- for special courage and bravery shown during a special task,
- for special courage and courage shown in ensuring the state security of the country, the inviolability of the state border of the USSR in conditions involving risk to life,
- for successful combat operations of military units, warships, formations and associations, which, despite stubborn enemy resistance, losses or other unfavorable conditions, defeated the enemy or inflicted a major defeat on him or contributed to the success of our troops in carrying out a major military operation.

In exceptional cases, the Order of the Red Banner could be awarded for particularly significant services in maintaining high combat readiness of troops, as well as for feats performed in the performance of military duty with obvious danger to life.

When re-awarding the Order of the Red Banner, the recipient was given an order with the number “2”, and for subsequent awards - with the corresponding numbers. The award was made on the proposal of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the USSR KGB (respectively).

Military units, warships, formations and associations awarded the Order of the Red Banner are called “Red Banner”.

The Order of the Red Banner is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the October Revolution.

DESCRIPTION

Order of the Red Banner

The Order of the Red Banner is a sign depicting an unfurled Red Banner with the inscription “Workers of all countries, unite!”, below which a laurel wreath is placed around the circumference. In the center on a white enamel background are a crossed torch, a flagpole, a rifle, a hammer and a plow, covered with a five-pointed star. In the middle of the star on a white enamel background there is a hammer and sickle framed by a laurel wreath. The upper two rays of the star are covered with the Red Banner. At the bottom of the laurel wreath there is a ribbon with the inscription “USSR”. Under the middle of the ribbon on repeated orders, the numbers “2”, “3”, “4”, etc. are placed on a white enamel shield. The banner, the ends of the star and the ribbon are covered with dark red enamel, the images of the hammer and plow are oxidized, the remaining images, their outlines and the inscriptions on the order are gilded.

The order is made of silver. The silver content in the order is 22.719 ± 1.389 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 25.134 ± 1.8 g, height – 41 mm, width – 36.3 mm.

The order, using an eyelet and a ring, is connected to a pentagonal block covered with a silk moiré ribbon 24 mm wide. In the middle of the tape there is a longitudinal white stripe 8 mm wide, closer to the edges there are two red stripes, each 7 mm wide, and along the edges there are two white stripes, 1 mm each.

HISTORY OF THE ORDER

The first holder of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was the former Sormovo worker, chairman of the Chelyabinsk Revolutionary Committee V.K. Blucher. In 1918, having united several armed detachments under his command, he made a legendary campaign through the Urals with them, waging fierce battles with the White Guards.

Among those awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR were prominent figures of the CPSU - M.I. Kalinin, S.M. Kirov, G.K. Ordzhonikidze, V.V. Kuibyshev, as well as outstanding commanders of the civil war - M.V. Frunze, M.N. Tukhachevsky, S.M. Budyonny, K.E. Voroshilov, V.I. Chapaev, G.I. Kotovsky and others.

On April 8, 1920, the following form of award was approved: award edged weapons (checker or dagger) with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. The first point in the Decree was written: “Honorary revolutionary weapons, as an exceptional award, are awarded for special military distinctions shown by senior commanders in the army.” In total, 21 outstanding Soviet military leaders were awarded this award. Among them is the Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Republic S.S. Kamenev, legendary heroes of the civil war M.V. Frunze, S.M. Budyonny, K.E. Voroshilov, G.I. Kotovsky, talented red commanders M.N. Tukhachevsky, S.K. Timoshenko, I.P. Uborevich, A.I. Cork and others.

A little later, award firearms with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, attached to the handle, began to be awarded. Only two awards are known in 1921: S.S. Kamenev and S.M. Budyonny.

In 1919-1930, many military units were awarded the order. The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded to the Baltic Fleet and the cruiser Aurora, armored train No. 8, the Military Academy of the Red Army, the cities of Petrograd, Grozny, Tsaritsyn, Lugansk and Tashkent.

By analogy with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, the republics of Transcaucasia, as well as some Central Asian republics, introduced their Orders of the Red Banner.

AWARDS

As of September 1, 1928, the number of holders of one Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 14,678 people (two orders - 285, three - 31, four - 4), on January 1, 1933 - 16,317 (two orders - 378, three - 60 , four – 7). V.K. became knights four times. Blucher, K.E. Voroshilov, S.S. Vostretsov, E.G. Evdokimov, A.Ya. Lapin, Ya.F. Fabricius and I.F. Fedko. In total, as of January 1, 1933, the total number of awards with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 16,762. Among those awarded were 28 women.

Initially, the order was worn on the left side of the chest on a bow made of red material, just like the Order of the Red Banner. In the cold season, the orders were removed from the tunic or jacket and attached to the overcoat. By the end of the 20s, the order of wearing signs on a bow and over an overcoat was used less and less, and when the first Statute of the order was approved in 1932, it was finally abolished.

According to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 19, 1943, for orders in the shape of a circle or oval, the order of wearing them suspended from a pentagonal block covered with a moiré silk ribbon was introduced. The same Decree established the color of the ribbon. From that time on, the insignia of the order were made with ears at the top of the banner.

There was an attempt to transfer the Order of the Red Banner to edged weapons (by analogy with the Order of the RSFSR). The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, by the Resolution of December 12, 1924 “On awarding the highest command personnel of the Red Army and the Navy with Honorary Revolutionary Weapons,” established the award weapon of the USSR - a saber with the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR on the hilt. This highest award of the USSR was presented for the first and only time only five years later: in 1929, a saber with an order was presented to the commander of the Trans-Baikal Group of Forces, Corps Commander S.S. Vostretsov.

Among the first to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was a group of security officers: V.R. Menzhinsky, A.P. Fedorov, G.S. Syroezhkin, N.I. Demidenko, S.V. Puzitsky, R.A. Pilyar. All of them were awarded this order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 5, 1924 for carrying out tasks of the OGPU to combat a group of counter-revolutionaries led by B. Savinkov.

In 1925, awards were given to participants in the Moscow-Beijing flight on the first Soviet-designed and built aircraft. Among the gentlemen were the head of the flight, the famous scientist academician O.Yu. Schmidt, all the pilots (including the legendary M.M. Gromov) and all the aircraft mechanics.

Then, until the end of the 30s, the Order of the Red Banner was rarely issued, because it remained the highest military order. In addition, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of September 26, 1924, nominations for the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR for feats committed before January 1, 1923 (i.e., before the formation of the USSR) were discontinued. From that moment on, the order began to be awarded only for military distinctions and merits, and the Soviet Union did not fight for many years, at least officially, which provided few opportunities for receiving awards. However, the aforementioned ban on performances dated September 26, 1924 was later violated twice: the cruiser Aurora was awarded in 1927; The Komsomol, the Naval Forces of the Baltic Sea (now the Baltic Fleet), as well as several hundred veterans were awarded in 1928.

The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to participants in the war in Spain, including future Marshals of the Soviet Union R.Ya. Malinovsky, K.A. Meretskov, N.I. Voronov, future generals P.I. Batov, A.I. Rodimtsev and Ya.V. Smushkevich. Then there were awards for battles at Lake Khasan (1938) and on the Khalkhin Gol River (1939) - a total of 2,575 awards. Even more Red Banners appeared after the Soviet-Finnish War (1939-1940).

A number of military units were awarded the Order of the Red Banner for their participation in hostilities against Japan and Finland in 1938-1940. Thus, for Khalkhin Gol, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the 57th Infantry Division of Colonel Galanin, the 6th Tank Brigade of Colonel Pavelkin, the 9th Motorized Armored Brigade of Colonel Shevnikov, the 601st Infantry Regiment of Major Sudak, the 82nd Howitzer Regiment of Major Saparov, The 22nd aviation regiment of Major Kravchenko, the 406th separate communications battalion of Major Soldatenkov, separate engineer companies of the 6th, 11th and 32nd tank brigades, as well as several other units. For the Finnish campaign, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the 7th Infantry Division of the Kiev Special Military District, the 142nd Infantry Division (Decree of April 11, 1940), the 137th Howitzer and 320th Cannon Artillery Regiments of the RGK and other units and formations.

In 1938, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School named after. Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Great Patriotic War, which began in 1941, opened a new period in the award business: the awarding of orders became a mass phenomenon, but in the first years of the war the Order of the Red Banner was rarely awarded. Nevertheless, the first holder of the Order of the Red Banner during the Great Patriotic War appeared in the summer of 1941. He was a pilot, senior political instructor A.A. Artemov.

The first military unit to become Red Banner during the war was the 99th Infantry Division (commanded by Colonel N.I. Dementyev), which was awarded such a high award for the liberation of the city of Peremshl from the Germans on June 23, 1941.

During the war, the famous 316th Infantry Division, Major General I.V., was among the first to be awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Panfilova. Simultaneously with receiving the high award, the division was renamed the 8th Guards Rifle Division.

Junior commanders of the ground forces, and even more so sergeants and soldiers, were rarely awarded the Order of the Red Banner. However, there were also unique awards. Thus, the young partisan from Kerch Volodya Dubinin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner at the age of 13 (posthumously), the 14-year-old sailor Igor Pakhomov had two Orders of the Red Banner. Kiev schoolboy pioneer Kostya Kravchuk saved the regimental banners of the 968th and 970th rifle regiments of the Red Army during the occupation. The banners were handed over to him by wounded Red Army soldiers just before the capture of Kyiv by the enemy. For saving the banners, 12-year-old Kravchuk received the Order of the Red Banner after the liberation of the city.

At the end of the war (January 30, 1945), submariner A.I. became famous. Marinesko, whose submarine sent the German liner Wilhelm Gustlow to the bottom, and a little later the auxiliary cruiser General Steuben. For this feat he received the honorary Order of the Red Banner.

On February 10, 1945, Romanian pilots operating as part of the Red Army, Sergeant Major Georgiy Grecu and Sergeant Major Vieru Pavel, shot down a He-129 plane, on which the leaders of the underground fascist and legionary Romanian movement were trying to escape from Romania. For this, Romanian pilots were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In total, during the war years, 238,000 awards of the Order of the Red Banner took place (the vast majority - in 1943-1945). Among them are more than 3,270 awards for formations, units, divisions and enterprises.

In addition to the cruiser Aurora, 55 warships (28 surface ships and 27 submarines) were awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Among them we can note the battleship of the Black Sea Fleet "Sevastopol" (1945), the battleship of the Black Sea Fleet "October Revolution", the cruisers of the Black Sea Fleet "Kirov" (February 27, 1943) and "Maxim Gorky", the cruiser of the Black Sea Fleet "Voroshilov", the base minesweeper of the Black Sea Fleet "Mina" , destroyers SF "Gromky" and "Grozny" (March 1945), submarine "Shch-202".

The main military newspaper "Red Star" was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1945. In the Soviet Armed Forces there were units awarded three Orders of the Red Banner.

Even such huge military formations as the district could be awarded the order. Thus, by Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of February 22, 1963, the Kiev Military District was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Among the industrial enterprises awarded the Order of the Red Banner, one can note the Leningrad Association “Kirov Plant” (1940), the Gorky Automobile Plant (1944), the Ural Heavy Engineering Plant named after. S. Ordzhonikidze (1945) and others. Even such a peaceful organization as the Moscow Central Documentary Film Studio (TSSDF) was awarded this honorary military order in 1944.

The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Hero Cities of Leningrad (1919), Volgograd (1924), Sevastopol (1954), the cities of Tashkent, Grozny (1924) and others.

Even before the end of the war, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, by Decree of June 4, 1944, introduced the procedure for awarding orders and medals to Red Army soldiers for long service. The decree provided for the awarding of the Order of the Red Banner for 20 years, and again for 30 years of impeccable service (for 25 years of service, the Order of Lenin was awarded). In the fall of the same year, this procedure was extended to military personnel of the Navy, as well as military personnel and employees of internal affairs and state security agencies. It operated for almost 14 years. During this time, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded about 300,000 times for long service and only to a few hundred military personnel for military distinction. These were mainly pilots of the 64th Fighter Aviation Corps, who fought in the skies of Korea in 1950-1954, military personnel who took part in the suppression of the “counter-revolutionary rebellion” in Hungary in 1956, as well as participants in testing new equipment. For the punitive action in Hungary, in the 7th Guards Airborne Division alone, 40 people were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

The largest number of awards of the Order of the Red Banner after the end of the Great Patriotic War was made in 1980-1989 for providing international assistance to the Republic of Afghanistan. 1,972 people received the high award. Most of the recipients - officers and generals - were awarded for the skillful organization of military operations. In exceptional cases, privates and sergeants were awarded for their courage and heroism. For example, Private N.A. was awarded a high award. Kontsov from the sapper platoon of the 1st motorized maneuver group. While escorting a food convoy on May 13, 1988, he discovered an enemy ambush and, showing courage and heroism, saved the convoy from capture and destruction. For this feat in October 1988 N.A. Kontsov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

The Order of the Red Banner with the number “5” on the shield was first awarded according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 3, 1944 to Marshals of the Soviet Union K.E. Voroshilov (No. 1) and S.M. Budyonny (No. 2). These awards took place after the Decree of June 19, 1943, so pin variants with the number “5” and above never existed.

32 people were awarded six Orders of the Red Banner: Marshals of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny and K.K. Rokossovsky, army generals A.L. Getman, I.G. Pavlovsky, A.I. Radzievsky, air marshals I.I. Borzov and A.I. Koldunov, Marshal of Signal Corps A.I. Leonov, Colonel General of Aviation I.D. Podgorny and P.F. Shevelev, Lieutenant General A.M. Korotkov, Major General of Aviation Ya.Z. Slepenkov and P.Ya. Golovachev and others.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 31, 1967, “for the successes achieved in combat and political training, maintaining high combat readiness of troops and mastering new complex military equipment,” Major General of Aviation M.I. was awarded the seventh Order of the Red Banner. Burtsev. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner with the number “7” on the shield behind No. 1. Colonel General of Aviation S.D. was also awarded seven Orders of the Red Banner. Gorelov and I.N. Kozhedub, Colonel General of Tank Forces K.G. Kozhanov, Aviation Lieutenant General V.F. Golubev, Lieutenant General M.A. Enshin, Major General N.P. Petrov and others (about 10 people in total).

The only person who was awarded the Order of the Red Banner eight times was Air Marshal, Hero of the Soviet Union I.I. Pstygo. However, the eighth order awarded to him did not have a cartouche with the award number– Orders of the Red Banner with the number 8 on the cartouche never existed.

In a combat situation, the award departments of armies and fronts did not always have a sufficient supply of Orders of the Red Banner for re-awarding. In addition, when filling out a submission for an order (or when a higher authority downgraded an award submission from the title of GSS or the Order of Lenin to the Order of the Red Banner), it was not always taken into account that the person already had one Order of the Red Banner. Based on these reasons, when a person was awarded the second or even third Order of the Red Banner, he could be given a primary award badge that did not have a cartouche. For example, Lieutenant Colonel T.A. Dolbonosov was awarded four Orders of the Red Banner, but none of them had a cartouche.

In total, from 1924 to 1991, more than 581,300 awards were made with the Order of the Red Banner.

On September 16, 1918, the Order of the RSFSR “Red Banner” was established, and after the formation of the USSR, on August 1, 1924, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established. The statute of the order was approved on January 11, 1932, and later additions and changes were made to it on June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order in a new edition was approved.

From the statute of the order

The Order of the Red Banner was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland.

The Order of the Red Banner is awarded to:

military personnel of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops, employees of the USSR State Security Committee and other citizens of the USSR;
military units, warships, formations and associations.

The Order of the Red Banner can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR.

When re-awarding the Order of the Red Banner, the recipient is given an order with the number “2”, and for subsequent awards - with the corresponding numbers.

The Order of the Red Banner is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the October Revolution.

Description of the order

History of the order

The first holder of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was the former Sormovo worker, chairman of the Chelyabinsk Revolutionary Committee Vasily Konstantinovich Blucher. In 1918, having united several armed detachments under his command, he made a legendary campaign through the Urals with them, waging fierce battles with the White Guards. The ten-thousand-strong partisan army he led carried out a heroic raid on the rear of the whites. Having covered 1,500 kilometers in 40 days in continuous battles, the partisans united with regular units of the Red Army. The submission of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 3rd Army, which included the partisans of V.K. Blucher, said: “The transition of the troops of Comrade. Blucher under impossible conditions can only be equated with Suvorov’s transitions in Switzerland.” For this feat, on September 30, 1918, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee awarded Blucher the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR No. 1. For his exploits during the Civil War, Blucher was awarded the order three more times. The fifth order, but this time of the Red Banner of the USSR Blyukher V.K. received for his work as a military adviser to the revolutionary government of China.

In 1920, the following form of award was approved: award edged weapons (checker or dirk) with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. In total, 21 outstanding Soviet military leaders were awarded this award. Among them are the Commander-in-Chief of all the armed forces of the Republic Kamenev S.S., the legendary heroes of the civil war Frunze M.V., Budyonny S.M., Voroshilov K.E., Kotovsky G.I., talented red commanders Tukhachevsky M.N. , Timoshenko S.K., Uborevich I.P., Kork A.I. and others.

A little later, award firearms with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, attached to the handle, began to be awarded. Only two awards are known - S.S. Kamenev and S.M. Budyonny.

In 1919-30, many military units were awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR.

The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded to the Baltic Fleet and the cruiser Aurora, Armored Train No. 8, the Military Academy of the Red Army, the cities of Petrograd, Grozny, Tsaritsyn, Lugansk and Tashkent.

By analogy with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, the republics of Transcaucasia, as well as some Central Asian republics, introduced their Orders of the Red Banner.

After the unification of the Soviet republics into one Union of the SSR (December 1922), the question arose about creating a single military award for the country.

The only Soviet military award was the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of August 1, 1924.

Initially, the order was worn on the left side of the chest on a bow made of red material, just like the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. In the cold season, the orders were removed from the tunic or jacket and attached to the overcoat. By the end of the 20s, the order of wearing signs on a bow and over an overcoat was used less and less, and when the first Statute of the order was approved in 1932, it was finally abolished.

According to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 19, 1943, for orders in the shape of a circle or oval, the order of wearing them suspended from a pentagonal block covered with a moire (silk) ribbon is introduced. The same Decree established the color of the ribbon. From that time on, the insignia of the order were made with ears at the top of the banner.

Until the end of the 30s, the Order of the Red Banner was rarely issued, because it remained the highest military order. The Union did not fight for many years, at least officially, which, of course, provided few opportunities for receiving awards.

The first military formation to become Red Banner during the war was the 99th Infantry Division (commanded by Colonel N.I. Dementyev), which was awarded such a high award for the liberation of the city of Peremshl from the Germans by the evening of June 23, 1941. The division held the city until June 27, after which it retreated to the east by order of the command. By the end of the war, this unit accomplished many feats, received the Guards rank, and became known as the 88th Guards Zaporozhye Red Banner, Order of Lenin, Suvorov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky rifle division. It is noteworthy that this division was named the best in the Red Army in 1940, when it was commanded by the later notorious General A. Vlasov.

During the war years, the Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military educational institutions for the training of command personnel.

At the end of the war, submariner Alexander Ivanovich Marinesko became famous. On January 30, 1945, the submarine S-13, headed by Captain III Rank Marinesko, in the Danzig area sent the German liner Wilhelm Gustlow, with a displacement of 25,480 tons, to the bottom. There were many passengers on board the ship, including high-ranking Reich officers and submarine officers who had just completed their submarine commander course and were heading to their home ports. Of more than 7,700 passengers and crew members, only 903 survived. To this day, this incident is considered the largest maritime ship disaster and is listed in the Guinness Book of Records. Hitler declared three days of mourning in Germany and called the submarine captain his personal enemy. Marinesko, returning to his base from a campaign, also managed to sink the German auxiliary cruiser General Steuben, with a displacement of 14,600 tons, which had about 3,000 soldiers and military equipment on board. It seemed that for such a feat even the title of Hero of the Soviet Union would not be enough. However, Marinesko received only the Order of the Red Banner. The order is, of course, honorable, but clearly not based on merit. Admiral Shchedrin, who knew Marinesko, considers the submariner’s misconduct to be the reason for this injustice. A few weeks before the sinking of the Gustlov, the brave captain and his comrades went on a spree in the Finnish port of Turku and returned to their base only three days later. At first they wanted to judge Marinesko, but then they decided to keep him in service - let him sink enemy ships

Only after the Decree of February 11, 1958, which abolished the awarding of orders for long service, the Order of the Red Banner again became a purely military award. Since the highest military order “Victory” has not been issued since 1945, the Order of the Red Banner automatically again became the senior “active” military order. Later, it was sometimes issued to officers of the Soviet Army - participants in the war in Vietnam (1965-75), Egypt (1973), Afghanistan (1979-89), as well as some others.

The largest number of awards with the Order of the Red Banner after the end of the Great Patriotic War was made in 1980-1989 for providing international assistance to the Republic of Afghanistan. 1972 people received the high award. Most of the recipients - officers and generals - were awarded for the skillful organization of military operations. In exceptional cases, privates and sergeants were awarded for their courage and heroism.

Seven Orders of the Red Banner were awarded to Aviation Major General M. I. Burtsev and Aviation Colonel General S. D. Gorelov. and Kozhedub I.N., Colonel General of Tank Forces Kozhanov K.G., Lieutenant General of Aviation Golubev V.F., Lieutenant General Enshin M.A., Major General Petrov N.P. and others (about ten people in total).

In a combat situation, the award departments of armies and fronts did not always have a sufficient supply of Orders of the Red Banner for re-awarding. In addition, when filling out an application for an order, it was not always taken into account that the person already had one Order of the Red Banner. Based on these reasons, when a person was awarded the second or even third Order of the Red Banner, he could be given a primary award badge that did not have a cartouche. Such cases occur quite often.

In total, from 1924 to 1991, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded more than 581,300 times.

Order of the Red Banner(Order of the Red Banner) is one of the highest orders of the USSR. The first of all Soviet orders. It was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, state and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.

The basis of the order was the insignia of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, established on September 16, 1918 during the Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Initially it was called the Order of the Red Banner. During the Civil War, similar orders were also established in other Soviet republics. On August 1, 1924, the all-Union Order of the Red Banner was established, the external difference of which was the inscription “USSR” instead of “RSFSR” on the ribbon on the bottom of the laurel wreath. All orders of the Soviet republics that were awarded in 1918-1924 were equated to the all-Union order. The statute of the order was approved by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of January 11, 1932 (on June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947, this Resolution was amended and supplemented by Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR). The latest edition of the order's statute was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR

For exploits during the Civil War, 14,998 people were awarded the Order of the Red Banner, of which 285 received two orders, 31 received three orders, and 4 received four orders. In addition to the already mentioned Blucher and Fabritius, the Ural blacksmith S. Vostretsov and the Ukrainian peasant I. Fedko, who later became outstanding military leaders of the Red Army, were awarded four Orders of the Red Banner for their exploits in the Civil War.

Varieties	Numbers	Year	Photo
Option 1	623 — 21216	1918-1930
Option 2	13609-…
Second issue	3 — 410
Third issue	13 — 248
Fourth issue	?
Duplicates

In total, from 1924 to 1991, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded more than 581,300 times.

Order of the Red Banner of the USSR

	Variety	Numbers	Year	Photo
Type 1			1932-1933
Option 1		15-195
Option 2		174-258
Option 3	Variety 1	308-19897
	Variety 2
Type 2			1941-1943
Option 1		20027-20214
Option 2	Variety 1	20120-20739
	Variety 2	20845-21154
Option 3	Variety 1	21211-64426
	Variety 2	45731-69959
	Variety 3	67729-79807
	without brand	30082
	shtikhel	24097, 24132
	in two lines	41328-…
	without "Yard"	36479
Type 3
Option 1	"Dovetail". KMD	77483-84243	1943
Option 2	Variety 1. KMD	84259-136812
	Variety 2. KMD	—
	shtikhel. KMD	85140
Option 3	1st batch. KMD	136980-188354	1945
	2nd batch. KMD	285058-333421	1946
Option 4	Variety 1. MMD	188493-273503	1945
	Variety 2. MMD	—	1945
	shtikhel. MMD	190436-…
	without brand. MMD	190983-…
Option 5	MMD	336114-359322	1950-1951
Option 6	MMD	351378-359059	1951
Type 4
Option 1	MMD	355173-356092	1951
Option 2	1st batch. MMD	354925-363984	1951
	2nd batch. MMD	381002-400602	1952
Option 3	1st batch. MMD	400413-422373	1953-1954
	2nd batch. MMD	444062-450180	1954-1955
Option 4	1st batch. LMD	364075-380931	1954
	2nd batch. LMD	422492-443552	1954
	3rd batch. LMD	450253-566746	1955-1957

2 awards

	Variety	Numbers	Year	Photo
Type 1		50
Type 2
Option 1		72-266
Option 2	Variety 1	284-341
	Variety 2	371-1185
Option 3	Variety 1	1267-4646
	Variety 2	2858-3655
Type 3			1943-51
Option 1		4875-7279
	Stichel	6419-6679
	Without brand	6107
Option 2	Variety 1	7426 — 8203	1945
	Variety 2	8243— 8534
	Stichel	8243- 8495
	Variety 2	11709-11945
Option 3		8558-16582	1945-46
Option 4	Variety 1.	16956-19365	since 1946
	Variety 2.	16610-18886
Option 5.		18980-20161
Type 4
Option 1.	Batch 1	20206-21064	1951
	Batch 2	24252-26786	1952-54
Option 2.	Batch 1	21237-24190	1951
	Batch 2	26923-33774	1954-57

3 awards

	Variety	Numbers	Year	Photo
Type 1
Option 1		161-526
Option 2		561-616
Option 3	Stichel	67 and 349
Type 2
Option 1		759-1571	1943-44
Option 2	Variety 1	1606-5434	1945
	Variety 2	2266-3842

By decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of September 16, 1918, the Order of the RSFSR “Red Banner” was established, and after the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of August 1, 1924, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established. The statute of the order was approved by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee dated January 11, 1932, and later additions and changes were made to it by Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order in a new edition was approved.

STATUS OF THE ORDER.

The Order of the Red Banner was established to reward special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland.

The Order of the Red Banner is awarded to:

military personnel of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops, employees of the USSR State Security Committee and other citizens of the USSR;
military units, warships, formations and associations.
The Order of the Red Banner can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR.

The Order of the Red Banner is awarded to:

for particularly significant feats performed in a combat situation with obvious danger to life;
for outstanding leadership of combat operations of military units, formations, associations and the special courage and courage shown;
for special courage and courage shown during the performance of a special task;
for special courage and courage shown in ensuring the state security of the country and the inviolability of the state border of the USSR in conditions involving risk to life;
for successful combat operations of military units, warships, formations and associations, which, despite stubborn enemy resistance, losses or other unfavorable conditions, defeated the enemy or inflicted a major defeat on him or contributed to the success of our troops in carrying out a major military operation.
In exceptional cases, the Order of the Red Banner can be awarded for particularly significant services in maintaining high combat readiness of troops, as well as for feats performed in the performance of military duty with obvious danger to life.

When re-awarding the Order of the Red Banner, the recipient is given an order with the number “2”, and for subsequent awards - with the corresponding numbers.

The award is made upon the proposal of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the USSR KGB, respectively.

Military units, warships, formations and associations awarded the Order of the Red Banner are called “Red Banner”.

The Order of the Red Banner is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders of the USSR, is located after the Order of the October Revolution.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ORDER.

The Order of the Red Banner is a sign depicting an unfurled Red Banner with the inscription “Workers of all countries, unite!”, below which a laurel wreath is placed around the circumference. In the center on a white enamel background are a crossed torch, a flagpole, a rifle, a hammer and a plow, covered with a five-pointed star. In the middle of the star on a white enamel background there is a hammer and sickle framed by a laurel wreath. The upper two rays of the star are covered with the Red Banner. At the bottom of the laurel wreath there is a ribbon with the inscription “USSR”. Under the middle of the ribbon on repeated orders, the numbers “2”, “3”, “4”, etc. are placed on a white enamel shield. The banner, the ends of the star and the ribbon are covered with ruby-red enamel, the images of the hammer and plow are oxidized, the remaining images, their outlines and the inscriptions on the order are gilded.

The order is made of silver. The silver content in the order is 22.719±1.389 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 25.134±1.8 g.

The height of the order is 41 mm, width - 36.3 mm.

HISTORY OF THE ORDER A.

The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded to the Baltic Fleet and the cruiser "Aurora", Armored Train No. 8, the Military Academy of the Red Army, the cities of Petrograd, Grozny, Tsaritsyn, Lugansk and Tashkent.

By analogy with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, the republics of Transcaucasia, as well as some Central Asian republics, introduced their Orders of the Red Banner.

After the unification of the Soviet republics into one Union of the SSR (December 1922), the question arose about creating a single military award for the country.

Knight of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR Guard, Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Pavlovich Serdyukov, head of the 4th department of the department of organizational accounting and staffing of the headquarters of the 10th Guards Army (photo taken in April 1946). The commander of the 3rd battalion of the 50th rifle regiment, Serdyukov, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR No. 7 by order of the Army of the Western Front No. 373 of July 16, 1919. Photo provided by Alexander Tolbin.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of one Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 14,678 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded one order was 16,317.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the two Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 285 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded the two orders was 378 people.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the three Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 31 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded the three orders was 60 people.

On September 1, 1928, the number of holders of the four Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 4 people. On January 1, 1933, the number of people awarded four orders was 7 people. Blyukher V.K., Voroshilov K.E., Vostretsov S.S., Evdokimov E.G., Lapin A.Ya., Fabritsius Ya.F. became four times knights. and Fedko I.F.

In total, on January 1, 1933, the total number of awards with the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was 16,762. Among those awarded were 28 women.

Initially, the order was worn on the left side of the chest on a bow made of red material, just like the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. In the cold season, the orders were removed from the tunic or jacket and attached to the overcoat. By the end of the 20s, the order of wearing signs on a bow and over an overcoat was used less and less, and when the first Statute of the order was approved in 1932, it was finally abolished.

In 1938, the Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School named after. Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Recipient of two Orders of the Red Banner, junior lieutenant Grigory Andreevich Udovichenko, pilot of the 209th Bomber Aviation Regiment and the 45th Separate Correction Air Squadron. Flew 149 combat missions. The photo was taken in June 1942.

The main difference from the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was that on the red enamel ribbon placed on the obverse of the sign there was the inscription “RSFSR” (instead of the inscription “USSR” on the all-Union Order of the Red Banner). Also, the republican sign differs in size, shape and features of some elements.

The Republican Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was issued from September 30, 1918 until 1929 or 1930. Although the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established in 1924, it was not produced at the mint until 1930. This was apparently explained by the significant number of republican orders that remained unawarded in the mint’s vaults. Until supplies ran out, there was no need to produce a new version. Only in 1930 were the first signs with the inscription “USSR” on an enamel ribbon issued. Thus, from 1924 to 1929-30, the recipient of the all-Union order was given an early republican model.

The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR consisted of four mandatory components. The first was the actual badge of the order, which was 39 mm wide and 43 mm high. A threaded pin was soldered onto the reverse of the sign. The second component was a red cloth rosette, which had a hole in the center (for a pin) and was worn directly under the badge of the order. The third component was a thin, rounded metal plate, 33 mm in diameter, with a pin hole in the center. This plate was placed on the reverse side of the clothing and served as a seal between the badge of the order and the clamping nut. On the plate (closer to its outer edge) a number corresponding to the number of the order's badge was stamped. The fourth component of the order was a clamping nut that screws onto the threaded pin. The diameter of the nut is only 14-16 mm.

FEATURES AND VARIETIES OF THE ORDER.

The reverse of the insignia of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR had a very clear counter-relief. The mint mark was missing. The order's serial number is hand-engraved at the top edge of the reverse. The following variants of the republican order can be distinguished.

Option 1. This option is relatively common and includes the vast majority of all Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. The minimum known order number is 623, the maximum is 21216.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, Option 1

Obverse

Option 2. Among the insignia of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, several examples are noted that differ in appearance from the bulk of the insignia. The differences are clearly visible when comparing the elements of the semicircular wreath, the letters of the RSFSR on the red enamel ribbon and a number of other details. The team of authors knows similar signs with numbers 13609, 13649, 13738, 13806, 13829, 13929 and 13947.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, Option 2

Obverse

Round sealing plate with number

In addition to the order insignia minted at the Petrograd (from 1924 - Leningrad) Mint, a special series of orders in the amount of about 400 pieces, made in 1921 by jewelers of the city of Tiflis with the permission of the Revolutionary Military Council of the RSFSR, is known. These orders, whose serial numbers begin with 25,000, were intended primarily for soldiers and commanders of the 11th Caucasian Red Army. The orders of the "Tiflis" (or "Transcaucasian") series are very different in detail from the orders produced by the Mint.

Repeated award badges.

There were varieties of re-awarding the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR with the numbers “2”, “3” and “4” on a white enamel shield at the bottom of the obverse. Considering the number of recipients of these varieties (more than three hundred twice, about sixty three times, and seven four times), one can judge their exceptional rarity. Most are in museums and private collections.

For a sign with the number "2" on the cartouche, the minimum known number is 3, the maximum is 410

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, second award badge

Obverse

Round sealing plate with number

For a sign with the number "3" on the cartouche, the minimum known number is 13, the maximum is 248.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR, third award badge

Obverse

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR 1918
Firm “Bovdzei Brothers” Base metal, enamel

On August 3, 1918, by order of the People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs Trotsky L.D. “It was announced for the information of all those fighting to strengthen the gains of the revolution and the socialist system that the most distinguished regiments and companies would be given special banners of the Revolution as a battle award from the Russian Federative Soviet Republic.” The first such award, by a resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of August 20, 1918, was awarded to the 5th Zemgale Rifle Regiment for distinction in the battles near Kazan. On May 13, 1920, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the RSFSR, “rules on the procedure for submitting military units for awarding Honorary Revolutionary Red Banners” were defined and their description was approved.

However, Trotsky L.D. considered it necessary to introduce not only collective, but also personal awards in the army. In the second half of August 1918, he sent telegrams from Sviyazhsk to Lenin V.I. and Sverdlova Y.M., in which he asks to mark the heroes of the battles for Kazan and Simbirsk with “individual insignia.” On September 2, 1918, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee decided to establish insignia for individuals. A special commission is tasked with developing the form and procedure for their delivery. On September 16, 1918, after a heated discussion, the presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, having heard the results of its work, adopted the decree “On insignia.” It announced the establishment of an insignia to be awarded to “citizens of the RSFSR who showed special bravery and courage during direct combat activities.”

The insignia was the Order of the Red Banner with the image of a “red banner unfolded, folded or truncated in the shape of a triangle.”

At the end of September, artist Denisov V.V. - an employee of the board for museum affairs and the protection of monuments of art and antiquities under the People's Commissariat of Education presented six drawings of the first Soviet order to the All-Russian Central Executive Committee commission. One of them was approved by the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and on October 4, 1918, engraver V.V. Zvyagintsev. based on it, he made three life-size signs from bronze, silver and gold. In mid-October, the bronze version of the order was sent as a sample to the Bovdzei Brothers company in Moscow for the production of the first batch of orders of 150 copies.

However, the orders produced by the company were unsuccessful and were abandoned. The order was transferred to the Petrograd Mint. By the spring of 1919, order badges made of gilded silver began to regularly arrive in sufficient quantities at the fronts for presentation to the recipients. Only once were standard orders “not enough” for the heroes of the battles in the Caucasus in 1921-1922. with the permission of the Revolutionary Military Council of the RSFSR, they issued order insignia made in the workshops of Tiflis.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR Workshops of Tiflis (Tbilisi) 1921
Silver, enamel Presented to S.V. Lobov - platoon commander of the 2nd Moscow brigade of cadets in 1922.
State Historical Museum.

Initially, the award of the order was carried out exclusively by Resolutions of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. But already from January 21, 1919, orders began to be awarded to the Revolutionary Military Council of the RSFSR, and from December 31, 1919, to the Revolutionary Military Council of fronts and armies. At the same time with the order badge, diplomas and certificates /memos/ were awarded.

The first award took place on September 28, 1918. By resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the merits of V.K. Blucher were awarded with orders. - Deputy Commander of the 3rd Army, V.L. Panyushkin - head of the special detachment of the Eastern Front and Mironov F.K. - commander of a cavalry brigade. The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR did not have degrees. On May 19, 1920, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee adopted the Decree “On the re-awarding of the Order of the Red Banner to the soldiers of the Red Army.” Persons awarded orders for the second, third and fourth times were awarded special order insignia with white enamel shields with the numbers “2”, “3” and “4”.

The Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded not only to individual citizens. On April 30, 1919, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee adopted a resolution on the possibility of awarding the order “for special distinction rendered in battles against the enemies of the Republic” to military units and formations of the Red Army. The Order was awarded to units “to strengthen it on the existing award revolutionary banners.” One of the first military units of this award for breaking through the Wrangel fortifications in Crimea in 1920 was awarded to the 51st Infantry Division under the command of V.K. Blucher.

After the formation of the USSR, on August 1, 1924, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established. At the same time, it was announced that the awarding of military orders to individual Soviet republics would cease. A competition was announced to develop a design for a new order, but none of the submitted samples satisfied the jury. As a result, it was decided not to change the original appearance of the order badge, but only to replace the letters “RSFSR” with “USSR”. However, by 1925, the reserves of undelivered Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR were so significant that it was decided to continue issuing them, but on behalf of the Central Executive Committee and the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. Only on December 17, 1932, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR announced the start of issuing insignia of the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR from January 1, 1933.

At the same time, it was decided, as a rule, not to replace the Orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR with the Orders of the Red Banner of the USSR. However, for a number of reasons, this was rarely observed in reality. When exchanging badges for a new order, the old number had to be placed with the letter “p” added to it. But in reality, this was not always done. In total, from 1918 to 1933, more than 16 thousand people became holders of the order, including 378 twice, and 60 three times. Fabricius Y.F., Vostretsov S.S., Fedko I.F., Blyukher V.K., Voroshilov K.E., Lapin A.Ya. and Evdokimov E.G. received four orders each.

August 8, 1919 S.S. Kamenev and V.I. Shorin were the first to be awarded an honorary revolutionary weapon - a saber with the sign of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR. The decree on the establishment of honorary revolutionary weapons was issued by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on April 8, 1920. By this time, 4 people had already been awarded the saber.

In January 1921 S.S. Kamenev and S.M. Budyonny were awarded a firearm, an honorary revolutionary weapon - a pistol (Mauser) on the handle of which the sign of the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR was attached. The decree on the establishment of firearms, honorary revolutionary weapons, was issued only on December 12, 1924. And no one else was awarded the Mauser.

“Honorary revolutionary weapon” - a gilded saber of Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny (with the Order of the Red Banner on the scabbard and a portrait of Karl Marx on the hilt) and Mauser S.96 (with the Order of the Red Banner on the hilt and a name plate on the case).

The Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was established on August 1, 1924 by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
In total, about 15 thousand soldiers were awarded the Order of the Red Banner for their exploits in battles with the White Guards and interventionists, almost 300 of them twice, more than 30 three times.

Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR and USSR (1918-1930)

Last name I O Years of award Died Note

One Order of the Red Banner + saber + Mauser

Kamenev S S 1920 1920 1921 1936

Two Orders of the Red Banner + saber

Mironov FK 1918 1920 1920 1921 Awarded 4 orders for the Russo-Japanese War, several orders for the First World War, and the Arms of St. George. Arrested by the Cheka and killed in prison.
Cork A I 1919 1920 1920 1937 repressed
Kashirin N D 1919 1920 1921 1938 repressed
Vinnikov-B V L 1920 1921 1921 1946
Frunze M V 1919 1920 1922 1925 Died as a result of an unsuccessful operation
Kazansky E S 1920 1921 1925 1937 repressed
Rose V R 1920 1921 1927 1939 repressed
Egorov A I 1919 1921 1930 1939 Awarded the St. George's Arms and 6 royal orders. Repressed.

Three Orders of the Red Banner

Alekhine E S 1920 1921 1921 1945 died of wounds
Gribov S E 1920 1921 1921 1938 repressed
Lapin A Ya 1920 1921 1921 1937 repressed
Putna VK 1920 1921 1921 1937 repressed
Sudakov I L 1920 1921 1921 ?
Lukomsky P I 1919 1920 1922 1935
Garussky M P 1919 1921 1922 1962
Plyusnin N I 1920 1921 1922 1967
Kuibyshev N.V. 1920 1921 1922 1938 repressed
Dashichev IF 1921 1921 1922 1963
Ushakov K P 1919 1922 1923 1943
Piskunov S A 1922 1922 1923 1972
Ignatovich VV 1922 1923 1923 1943
Kalvan I I 1920 1920 1924 1938 repressed
Kolesov N P 1921 1921 1924 1928
Mezheraup P Kh 1921 1924 1924 1931
Strod I Ya 1922 1924 1924 1938 repressed
Khorun I I 1923 1924 1924 1962
Kovtyukh E I 1921 1922 1926 1938 2 St. George's crosses
Yarmukhamedov A 1923 1924 1928 1940
Shapkin T T 1920 1921 1929 1943
Yakir IE 1919 1919 1930 1937 repressed
Tyulenev I.V. 1921 1921 1930 1978 Awarded 4 Crosses of St. George. Lived to be 86 years old.
Gorodovikov OI 1920 1922 1930 1960 Awarded the St. George Cross and several St. George medals. Lived to be 81 years old.
Apanasenko I R 1920 1923 1930 1943 died of wounds
Goryachev E I 1922 1922 1930 1938 repressed
Book V I 1920 1924 1930 1961

Three Orders of the Red Banner + saber

Khakhanyan GD 1920 1921 1921 1921 1939 repressed
Uborevich I P 1919 1920 1920 1922 1937 repressed
Kotovsky GI 1921 1921 1921 1924 1925 killed
Kutyakov I S 1919 1922 1922 1924 1938 repressed
Voroshilov K E 1920 1920 1921 1925 1969 Lived 88 years
Balakhonov Ya F 1920 1921 1921 1928

Three Orders of the Red Banner + saber + Mauser

Budyonny S M 1919 1919 1921 1923 1930 1973 Awarded 4 St. George Crosses and 4 St. George medals. Lived 90 years

Four Orders of the Red Banner

Timoshenko S K 1920 1920 1921 1930 1970 Lived 78 years
Fabricius J F 1919 1920 1921 1921 1929 Awarded a gold watch. Died in a plane crash
Fedko IF 1919 1921 1921 1924 1939 repressed
Blucher VK 1918 1920 1921 1928 1938 repressed

Four Orders of the Red Banner + saber

Vostretsov S S 1920 1920 1923 1923 1930 1932 Awarded 3 St. George Crosses and 2 medals

Designations in the table:
1920 – the year of awarding the order,
1920 - the year the saber was awarded,
1920 - the year the Mauser was awarded.
The table does not take into account awards of the Order of the Red Banner to the Azerbaijan, Armenian, Georgian and Khorezm republics.

Why did I take into account awards before 1930 when compiling the table? After all, the civil war ended in 1922.
Yes, officially the civil war in Soviet Russia is limited to the period from March 9, 1918 to October 25, 1922. But actually it is not. The armed struggle of the Soviet government against the Basmachi continued in the Samarkand region until 1923, in Fergana until 1924, in Eastern Bukhara until 1925, in Turkmenistan until 1927. Moreover, the Basmachism in Turkmenistan was finally eliminated only in May 1933!
The second reason is the resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated May 5, 1930: “Citizens awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSR are equal in rights to those awarded the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR.”
The third reason is that in 1930, in connection with the 10th anniversary of the first Cavalry Army, many heroes of the Civil War were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
Subsequently, the Order of the Red Banner of the USSR was awarded until 1991.
Therefore, some heroes were awarded six or even seven orders!

Six Orders of the Red Banner were awarded to:

Budyonny S M Marshal of the Soviet Union
Voroshilov K E Marshal of the Soviet Union
Rokkosovsky K K Marshal of the Soviet Union
Koldunov A I Chief Marshal of Aviation
Borzov I I Air Marshal
Leonov A I Marshal of Signal Troops
Getman A L General of the Army
Pavlovsky IG General of the Army
Lavrinenkov VD Colonel General of Aviation
Podgorny I D Colonel General of Aviation

Seven Orders of the Red Banner were awarded to:

Burtsev M I Major General of Aviation
Kozhedub I N Air Marshal
Pstygo I I Air Marshal
Kozhanov KG Colonel General of Tank Forces
Enshin M A Lieutenant General
Petrov N P Major General
Golubev VF Lieutenant General of Aviation

DOCUMENTS FOR THE ORDER OF THE "RED BANNER" OF THE RSFSR